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How to generate random value based on assigned probability in Excel?

Author Sun Last modified

If there is a table with some values and corresponding assigned percentages as below screenshot shown in a sheet. And now, I want to generate random values based on the list of values and their assigned probabilities.
sample data

Generate random value with probability

arrow blue right bubble Generate random value with probability

In fact, to generate random values with the probability, you only need two formulas.

1. In adjacent cell of the table, type this formula =SUM($B$2:B2), and drag this formula down to the cells you need. See screenshot:
use a formula to calculate cumulative percentages

2. Select a blank cell which you will place the random value at, type this formula =INDEX(A$2:A$8,COUNTIF(C$2:C$8,"<="&RAND())+1), press Enter key. And press F9 key to refresh the value as you need.
apply a formula to generate a randomly selected value based on cumulative percentages

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